Chronic sinusitis may either be an infection of the paranasal sinus cavities lasting more than 12 weeks, or chronic inflammation of the sinus lining, which may result in obstruction (blockage) of the normal sinus drainage. Treatment options include medical therapy and surgery. Medical treatment may include antibiotics if there is evidence of infection, and / or anti-inflammatory medications to reduce swelling of the membranes. These medications may either be oral or topical (nasal sprays). Surgery may be recommended for cases that do not improve with medication or for those with complications.